Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 10 de 10
Filtrar
1.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 19(6): 682-694, jun. 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-162825

RESUMO

The relationship between obesity and cancer is clear and is present at all times during course of the disease. The importance of obesity in increasing the risk of developing cancer is well known, and some of the most prevalent tumours (breast, colorectal, and prostate) are directly related to this risk increase. However, there is less information available on the role that obesity plays when the patient has already been diagnosed with cancer. Certain data demonstrate that in some types of cancer, obese patients tolerate the treatments more poorly. Obesity is also known to have an impact on the prognosis, favouring lower survival rates or the appearance of secondary tumours. In this consensus statement, we will analyse the scientific evidence on the role that obesity plays in patients already diagnosed with cancer, and the available data on how obesity control can improve the quality of daily life for the cancer patient (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/patologia , Conferências de Consenso como Assunto , Sociedades Médicas/organização & administração , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Neoplasias/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Comorbidade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/complicações , Medição de Risco/métodos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Cirurgia Bariátrica/tendências , Apoio Social , Dietoterapia/tendências
2.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 17(10): 763-771, oct. 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-140945

RESUMO

In the last few years, many prospective studies have demonstrated a clear association between obesity and cancers of the colon and rectum, breast in post-menopausal women, endometrium, kidney, oesophagus and pancreas. Obesity is also associated with a high risk of recurrence and cancer-related death. The pathophysiology of obesity involves various changes that may be implicated in the relationship between obesity and cancer, such as excess inflammatory cytokines and chronic inflammation, hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, and raised leptin and oestrogens. The Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology have signed a cooperation agreement to work together towards reducing the impact of obesity in cancer. Preventing obesity prevents cancer (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias do Colo/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/epidemiologia , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Adipocinas/análise , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Sociedades Médicas/tendências , Sociedades Médicas , Estudos Prospectivos , Neoplasias do Colo/epidemiologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Adipócitos/patologia , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica/prevenção & controle , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia
3.
Nutr. hosp ; 28(supl.4): 17-31, 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-120654

RESUMO

En este capítulo revisamos el papel y los posibles riesgos/beneficios de los edulcorantes como parte de la alimentación. Tras su aparición e interés por los efectos beneficiosos atribuidos a los mismos, frente a diferentes situaciones y patologías (obesidad, diabetes, caries, etc.),cada vez son más numerosos, sin embargo, los estudios que parecen constatar la ineficacia de su uso. Por tanto, se requieren más investigaciones que aporten datos convincentes de su efectividad a largo plazo, así como de la ausencia de efectos negativos, derivados de su uso. El interés del capítulo reside en examinar los aspectos distintivos de los edulcorantes frente al azúcar, considerándose ésta como patrón de comparación. Nos centraremos pues, en las otras sustancias que habitualmente se utilizan para edulcorar los alimentos en lugar del azúcar (AU)


In this chapter we review the role and potential benefits of non-caloric sweeteners, as part of the diet. After appearing and interest in the beneficial effects attributed to them, face different situations and conditions (obesity, diabetes...), more and more numerous studies, show their ineffective use. In conclusion, further research and results are needed to provide convincing evidence of their long-term effectiveness and the absence of negative effects from their use. The interest of the chapter lies in examining the distinctive aspects of sweeteners compared with sugar, measured as the standard of comparison. We will focus then on the other substances that are commonly used to sweeten foods instead of sugar (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Edulcorantes/análise , Restrição Calórica/métodos , Açúcares , Edulcorantes , Controle e Fiscalização de Alimentos e Bebidas
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 27(6): 1837-1849, nov.-dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-112165

RESUMO

Background & aims: By means of this update, the GARIN working group aims to define its position regarding the treatment of patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia and artificial nutrition. In this area there are many aspects of uncertainty, especially in non-critically ill patients. Methods: Bibliographical review, and specific questions in advance were discussed and answered at a meeting in the form of conclusions. Results: We propose a definition of stress hyperglycaemia. The indications and access routes for artificial nutrition are no different in patients with diabetes/stress hyperglycaemia than in non-diabetics. The objective must be to keep pre-prandial blood glucose levels between 100 and 140 mg/dl and post-prandial levels between 140 and 180 mg/dl. Hyperglycemia can be prevented through systematic monitoring of capillary glycaemias and adequately calculate energy-protein needs. We recommend using enteral formulas designed for patients with diabetes (high monounsaturated fat) to facilitate metabolic control. The best drug treatment for treating hyperglycaemia/diabetes in hospitalised patients is insulin and we make recommendations for adapt the theoretical insulin action to the nutrition infusion regimen. We also addressed recommendations for future investigation. Conclusions: This recommendations about artificial nutrition in patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia can add value to clinical work (AU)


Introducción y objetivos: En el tratamiento de los pacientes con diabetes o hiperglucemia de estrés y la nutrición artificial existen muchas áreas de incertidumbre, sobre todo en pacientes no críticos. El grupo de trabajo GARIN tiene como objetivo definir su posición en este campo. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica previa y reunión presencial en la que se discutieron y contestaron preguntas específicas sobre el tema. Resultados: Proponemos una definición de hiperglucemia de estrés. Las indicaciones y las rutas de acceso a la nutrición artificial no difieren en los pacientes con hiperglucemia de estrés o diabetes respecto a los no diabéticos. El objetivo debe ser mantener los niveles de glucemia preprandial entre 100 y 140 mg/dl y postprandial entre 140 y 180 mg/dl. La hiperglucemia puede prevenirse a través de una monitorización sistemática de las glucemias capilares y un cálculo adecuado de las necesidades energético-proteicas. Recomendamos el uso de fórmulas enterales diseñadas para pacientes con diabetes (alto contenido en grasas monoinsaturadas) para facilitar el control metabólico. El mejor tratamiento farmacológico para tratar la hiperglucemia/diabetes en pacientes hospitalizados es la insulina, aconsejando adaptar la acción teórica de la insulina al régimen de infusión de la nutrición. También realizamos recomendaciones para investigaciones futuras. Conclusiones: Estas recomendaciones aportan respuestas concretas sobre cuestiones comunes en la asistencia a pacientes con diabetes o hiperglucemia de estrés y nutrición artificial (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Hiperglicemia/fisiopatologia , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral , Complicações do Diabetes , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 27(6): 1900-1907, nov.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-112172

RESUMO

Objective: Assess the hepatoprotective effect of Taurine (Tau) in cases of hepatic cholestasis induced by Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Methods: We describe a retrospective series of 54 patients who received TPN, in which cholestasis was detected at an (Intermediate) point that separates the duration of TPN into 2 Phases. From this moment -Phase 2- on, and according to clinical criteria, some patients (Group A, n = 27) received amino acids with Tau (22.41 ± 3.57 mg/kg/day)(Tauramin®), while the rest (Group B, n = 27) received the standard solution without Tau. The mean TPN durations were 39.2 ± 17.1 and 36.4 ± 18.1 days respectively, with the Intermediate points on days 19.56 ± 10.51 and 17.89 ± 11.14. They all received diets that were homogeneous in terms of kcal and macronutrients. In Phase 2, 21 patients from Group A received structured lipids (SMOFlipid®); while 20 from Group B received soy MCT/LCT [Medium Chain Triglycerides/Long Chain Triglycerides] (physical or structured mixture). In a retrospective study, differences could not be avoided. The analytical parameters from three periods (Initial, Intermediate, and Final) were obtained from Nutridata® and Servolab®. We compared interperiod values using the Wilcoxon test SPSS® (p < 0.05). Results: After introducing Taurine AST, ALT, and GGT were significantly reduced; Bilirubin was also reduced, but not significantly. The values obtained for GGT in Group A were (Mean(σ)/median): Initial 48.6 (23.1)/46; Intermediate 473.7 (276.2)/438, and Final 328.9 (190.4)/305. We stress that the mean GGT value is reduced by 30.56% after adding Taurine, while in its absence all parameters are elevated, and mean GGT increases 45.36%. Conclusion: These results show Taurine's hepatoprotective effect and support its use in cases of TPN-induced cholestasis. We acknowledge the possibility that the differences between SMOF and the MCT/LCT mixtures also may have influenced the results in a combined effect with taurine (AU)


Objetivo: Evaluar el papel hepatoprotector de Taurina (Tau) en situación de colestasis hepática inducida por Nutrición Parenteral Total (NPT). Métodos: Se describe una serie retrospectiva de 54 pacientes, que recibieron NPT, detectándose colestasis en un momento (Intermedio) que separa en 2 Fases la duración de la NPT. A partir de este momento - Fase 2- y según criterios clínicos, unos -grupo A, n = 27- recibieron aminoácidos con Tau -22,41 ± 3,57 mg/kg/día (Tauramin®), mientras otros -grupo B, n = 27- recibieron solución estándar sin Tau. La duración media de NPT fue de 39,2 ± 17,1 y 36,4 ± 18,1 días respectivamente; con el punto Intermedio en día 19,56 ± 10,51 y 17,89 ± 11,14. Todos recibieron dietas homogéneas en kcal y macronutrientes. En la Fase 2, 21 pacientes del grupo A recibieron lípidos estructurados (SMOFlipid®); mientras que 20 del grupo B recibieron MCT/LCT soja (mezcla física o estructurada). Las diferencias no se han podido obviar en un estudio retrospectivo. Se rescataron de Nutridata® y Servolab® los parámetros analíticos en tres momentos (Inicio, Intermedio y Final). Utilizando SPSS®se compararon según Test de Wilcoxon para valores intermomentos (p < 0,05). Resultados: Hubo disminución significativa de AST, ALT y GGT tras la introducción de Taurina; Bilirrubina desciende sin significación. Los valores obtenidos para GGT en el Grupo A fueron (Media(σ)/mediana): Inicio 48,6 (23,1)/46; Intermedio 473,7 (276,2)/438 y Final 328,9 (190,4)/305. Destacamos que el valor medio de GGT disminuye un 30,56% tras adición de Taurina; mientras en su ausencia se elevan de todos los parámetros, aumentando un 45,36% la media de GGT. Conclusión: Estos resultados abundan en el papel hepatoprotector de la Taurina, y apoyan su utilización en situación de colestasis inducida por NPT. Asumimos la posibilidad de que la diferencia de perfil entre SMOF y las mezclas MCT/LCT haya influido como efecto combinado utilizado junto a taurina (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Colestase/induzido quimicamente , Taurina/efeitos adversos , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral/efeitos adversos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/efeitos adversos
6.
Farm. hosp ; 34(5): 231-236, sept.-oct. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-106918

RESUMO

Objetivos Justificar la asignacion de una puntuacion de riesgo de desnutricion para proteinas totales inferiores a 5g/dl y proponer una escala de puntuacion para nuestro filtro (FILNUT-Escala). Analizar el resultado del test de cribaje MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) practicado en positivos al filtro nutricional Filtro de Nutricion y evaluar la utilidad de dicho test en esta poblacion. Metodos Busqueda en base de datos de laboratorio an ̃os 2004–2007) de peticiones analíticas en que había determinación de proteinas totales y albuimina, o colesterol total,y aquellas que tengan resultados para esos 3 parámetros más el recuento de linfocitos. Sobre ello se impuso la limitación a las proteínas totales de ser menores de 5 g/dl, dejando libre el resultado del resto de parámetros. Se analizaron las curvas de distribución correspondientes los valores de albumina y colesterol; igualmente procedio; tras establecerlas puntuaciones Control Nutricional (CONUT) correspondientes a las muestras con lospara ́metros necesarios. En el periodo septiembre 07-enero 08 se practica MUST a todos los positivos Filtro de Nutrición y se analiza la correspondencia de grados de riesgo. Resultados: Para proteinas totales inferiores a 5 g/dl, en el 95% de los de los casos (n=1.176) los valores de albúmina estarán entre 0,98-2,94 g/dl; por tanto se obtendrían puntuaciones CONUT por albuúmina de 4 o 6. En cuanto al colesterol total, (n=761) el 89,1% de las muestras queda por debajo de 180 mg/dl; correspondiéndose con 1 o 2 puntos. En el 98,79 % de los casos (n=490) que tenían los 4 parámetros la puntuación CONUT fue Z5, que se catalogaría de riesgo de medio o alto. Durante el periodo en estudio, el 100 % de los pacientes de riesgo medio o alto en FILNUT-Escala (n=568) dieron riesgo MUST: 421 (74,1%) alto y 147 (25,9%) medio (AU)


Objectives To offer a rationale for assigning a minimum score for risk of malnutrition for total proteins lower than 5g/dl and a scoring scale for our filter (FILNUT-Scale); and to analyse results of the MUST screening test performed on positive scores in the FILNUT nutritional filter and assess usefulness of said test in this population. Methods We searched the laboratory database for laboratory test orders (dated between 2004 and 2007) for which total proteins and albumin or cholesterol levels were determined, and we identified those with results for the above three parameters plus lymphocyte count. A limit (less than 5g/dl) was placed on the total protein level and the results for other parameters were not limited. Distribution curves for albumin and cholesterol were analysed. The same protocol was followed after establishing the CONUT score for each sample with the necessary parameters. From September 2007 to January 2008, the MUST test was performed on all FILNUT positives and we analysed how the degrees of risk corresponded. Results In 95% of the cases in which total proteins are lower than 5g/dl (n=1,176), albumin values are between 0.98 and 2.94g/dl, resulting in CONUT scores of 4 or 6 for albumin. Regarding total cholesterol, (n=761) 89.1% of the samples are lower than 180mg/dl, which accounts for one or two points in the score. In 98.79 % of the cases (n=490) that presented all four parameters, CONUT score was ¡Ý5, which could be classified as medium or high risk. During the study period, 100% of the patients identified as medium or high risk by the FILNUT-Scale (n=568) tested as at-risk by MUST: of these, 421 (74.1%) were (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Estado Nutricional , /métodos , Software
7.
Nutr. hosp ; 24(2): 135-137, mar.-abr. 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-134963

RESUMO

En el VIº Foro de Debate Abbott-SENPE se establece una discusión multidisciplinar y multiprofesional para buscar el o los modelos de gestión clínica que consideramos más adecuados para la Unidades de Nutrición Clínica y Dietética (UNCyD) en España. Se valoran los puntos débiles y fuertes así como las oportunidades de los actuales sistemas y se concluye en la observación de una cierta disparidad vinculada no solo a las comunidades autónomas sino también a los diferentes tipos de hospital. Se propone, desde SENPE, la creación de un grupo de trabajo que ayude a la normalización de los modelos y a potenciar la cultura del Cuadro de Mandos Integral y de Gestión del Cambio (AU)


At the 6th Abbott-SENPE Debate Forum a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional discussion was established in order to seek for the model or the models of clinical management most appropriate for Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Units (CNAD) in Spain. The weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities for the current systems were assessed concluding that a certain degree of disparity was observed not only due to regional differences but also to different hospital types. It was proposed, from SENPE, the creation of a working group helping to standardize the models and promote the culture of Integral Control and Change Management (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , 52503 , /organização & administração , Administração de Serviços de Saúde , Dietética/organização & administração , Modelos Organizacionais , Inovação Organizacional
8.
Nutr. hosp ; 21(4): 491-504, jul.-ago. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048859

RESUMO

Introducción: El problema de la desnutrición hospitalaria afecta según las series entre un 30-50% de los pacientes ingresados. Esta alta prevalencia justifica la necesidad de su detección precoz al ingreso. Existen múltiples herramientas clásicas de cribaje que muestran limitaciones importantes en su aplicación sistemática en la práctica clínica habitual. Objetivos: Ver la relación entre desnutrición, detectada por nuestro método de cribaje, y mortalidad, estancia o reingresos. Asimismo analizar la relación entre desnutrición y prescripción de soporte nutricional. Comparar distintos métodos de cribaje nutricional al ingreso sobre una muestra aleatoria de pacientes hospitalizados. Validación del método INFORNUT para cribaje nutricional. Material y Métodos: En una fase previa al diseño del estudio se realizo un análisis retrospectivo con datos del año 2003 con el fin de conocer la situación de la desnutrición en el Hospital Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, recogiendo datos del CMBD (Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos), analíticas de riesgo nutricional (filtro FILNUT) y prescripción de soporte nutricional. En la fase experimental se realizo un estudio de cohorte transversal con una muestra aleatoria de 255 pacientes en Mayo del 2004. Se realiza estudio antropométrico, Valoración Subjetiva Global (VSG), Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) y Nutrtional Risk Screening (NRS), método de Gassull, CONUT® e INFORNUT. Las condiciones de filtro aplicadas por INFORNUT son: albúmina < 3.5 g/dL y/o proteinas totales < 5 g/dL y/o prealbúmina< 18 mg/dL con o sin linfocitos totales < 1.600 cel/ml y/o colesterol total <180 mg/dL. Para la comparación entre métodos se construye un Gold Standard basado en las recomendaciones de SENPE sobre datos antropométricos y analíticos. El análisis estadístico de asociación se realizó mediante Test Chi-cuadrado (α:0.05) y concordancia a través del índice κ. Resultados: En el estudio realizado en la fase previa se observa que la prevalencia de desnutrición hospitalaria es del 53,9%. Recibieron soporte nutricional especializado 1.644 pacientes; de ellos el 66,9% padecían desnutrición. También se observa que la desnutrición es uno de los factores que favorecen el incremento de la mortalidad (desnutridos: 15,19% vs no desnutridos: 2,58), la estancia (desnutridos: 20,95 días vs. no desnutridos: 8,75 días), e reingresos (desnutridos: 14,30% vs. no desnutridos: 6%). Los resultados del estudio experimental son los siguientes: La prevalencia de desnutrición obtenida por Gold Standard (61%), INFORNUT (60%). Los grados de concordancia entre los métodos INFORNUT, CONUT y GASSULL son buenos o excelentes comparados entre sí (k : 0,67 INFORNUT con CONUT y k : 0,94 INFORNUT con GASSULL) y con Gold Standard (k : 0,83 INFORNUT; k : 0,64 CONUT; k :0,89 GASSULL). Sin embargo los test estructurados (VSG, MNA, NRS), presentan bajos índices de concordancia con el Gold Standard y los test analíticos o mixtos (Gassull); aunque si muestran un grado de concordancia ligero a moderado cuando se comparan entre si (k : 0.489 NRS con VSG). INFORNUT presenta una sensibilidad del 92,3%, un valor predictivo positivo del 94,1% y una especificidad del 91,2%. Tras la fase filtro se envía un informe preliminar, sobre el que cumplimentados datos antropométricos y de ingesta, se elabora un Informe de Riesgo Nutricional. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de desnutrición en nuestro estudio (60%) es similar a la hallada por otros autores. La desnutrición lleva consigo un aumento de mortalidad, estancia y reingreso. No existen herramientas que se hayan demostrado capaces detectar desnutrición precoz el medio hospitalario que no tengan grandes limitaciones de aplicabilidad. FILNUT como 1ª fase de filtro del proceso INFORNUT constituye una herramienta valida: sensible y específica para el cribado nutricional al ingreso. Las ventajas principales del proceso serían la capacidad de identificar precozmente pacientes con riesgo de desnutrición, ejercer una función docente y sensibilizadora en facultativos y personal de enfermería implicándolos en la valoración nutricional de sus pacientes y elaborar un informe del diagnóstico al alta de desnutrición y soporte nutricional para el Servicio de Documentación Clínica. Por tanto INFORNUT constituiría un método de cribado universal con una buena relación coste-efectividad (AU)


Introduction: According to several series, hospital hyponutrition involves 30-50% of hospitalized patients.The high prevalence justifies the need for early detection from admission. There several classical screening tools that show important limitations in their systematic application in daily clinical practice. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between hyponutrition, detected by our screening method, and mortality, hospital stay, or re-admissions. To analyze, as well, the relationship between hyponutrition and prescription of nutritional support. To compare different nutritional screening methods at admission on a random sample of hospitalized patients. Validation of the INFORNUT method for nutritional screening. Material and methods: In a previous phase from the study design, a retrospective analysis with data from the year 2003 was carried out in order to know the situation of hyponutrition in Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, at Malaga, gathering data from the MBDS (Minimal Basic Data Set), laboratory analysis of nutritional risk (FILNUT filter), and prescription of nutritional support. In the experimental phase, a cross-sectional cohort study was done with a random sample of 255 patients, on May of 2004. Anthropometrical study, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS), Gassull"s method,CONUT® and INFORNUT® were done. The settings of the INFORNUT filter were: albumin< 3.5 g/dL, and/or total proteins < 5 g/dL, and/or prealbumin < 18 mg/dL, with or without total lymphocyte count < 1.600 cells/mm3 and/or total cholesterol < 180 mg/dL. In order to compare the different methods, a gold standard is created based on the recommendations of the SENPE on anthropometrical and laboratory data. The statistical association analysis was done by the chi-squared test (a: 0.05) and agreement by the k index. Results: In the study performed in the previous phase, it is observed that the prevalence of hospital hyponutrition is 53.9%. One thousand six hundred and forty four patients received nutritional support, of which 66,9% suffered from hyponutrition. We also observed that hyponutrition is one of the factors favoring the increase in mortality (hyponourished patients 15.19% vs. non-hyponourished 2.58%), hospital stay (hyponourished patients 20.95 days vs. non-hyponourished 8.75 days), and re-admissions (hyponourished patients 14.30% vs. non-hyponourished 6%). The results from the experimental study are as follows: the prevalence of hyponutrition obtained by the gold standard was 61%, INFORNUT 60%. Agreement levels between INFORNUT, CONUT, and GASSULL are good or very good between them (k: 0.67 INFORNUT with CONUT, and k: 0.94 INFORNUT and GASSULL) and wit the gold standard (k: 0.83; k: 0.64 CONUT; k: 0.89 GASSULL). However, structured tests (SGA, MNA, NRS) show low agreement indexes with the gold standard and laboratory or mixed tests (Gassull), although they show a low to intermediate level of agreement when compared one to each other (k: 0.489 NRS with SGA). INFORNUT shows sensitivity of 92.3%, a positive predictive value of 94.1%, and specificity of 91.2%. After the filer phase, a preliminary report is sent, on which anthropometrical and intake data are added and a Nutritional Risk Report is done. Conclusions: Hyponutrition prevalence in our study (60%) is similar to that found by other authors. Hyponutrition is associated to increased mortality, hospital stay, and re-admission rate. Thereare no tools that have proven to be effective to show early hyponutrition at the hospital setting without important applicability limitations. FILNUT, as the first phase of the filter process of INFORNUT represents a valid tool: it has sensitivity and specificity for nutritional screening at admission. The main advantages of the process would be early detection of patients with risk for hyponutrition, having a teaching and sensitization function to health care staff implicating them in nutritional assessment of their patients, and doing a hyponutrition diagnosis and nutritional support need in the discharge report that would be registered by the Clinical Documentation Department. Therefore, INFORNUT would be a universal screening method with a good cost-effectiveness ratio (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hospitalização , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Apoio Nutricional , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos de Coortes , Análise Custo-Benefício , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Programas de Rastreamento , Estado Nutricional , Readmissão do Paciente , Prevalência , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição
9.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. (Ed. impr.) ; 24(3): 152-160, mayo-jun. 2005. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037400

RESUMO

Objetivos: Describir los resultados preliminares de la aplicación de esta nueva técnica en la práctica diagnóstica habitual en el manejo del cáncer diferenciado de tiroides (CDT). Material y métodos: Se realizó rastreo corporal total (RCT) con 131I tras estimulación con TSH recombinante humana (rhTSH) en un grupo de 102 pacientes con CDT en seguimiento, todos tratados mediante tiroidectomía total. La pauta de administración fue de 0,9 mg rhTSH los días primeros y segundo del procedimiento, seguidos de 185 MBq de 131I administrados vía oral el día siguiente y posterior rastreo gammagráfico a las 48 horas. Se determinaron TSH, tiroglobulina (Tg) y anticuerpos antitiroglobulina en suero, mediante técnicas inmunométricas, a las 24 y 72 horas de la última administración de la rhTSH. Resultados. Los valores de TSH a las 24 horas tras estimulación con rhTSH fueron de 147,54 ± 46,46 mUI/l. En 62 pacientes se obtuvieron valores de Tg negativa (< 1 ng/ml), de los que 50 presentaron rastreo negativo y doce positivo. Entre los que tuvieron Tg positiva (37), 17 presentaron rastreo negativo (confirmándose presencia de enfermedad en 7 pacientes mediante otras técnicas de imagen) y 20 positivo. Conclusiones: La administración de rhTSH produjo en todos los casos un significativo aumento de la TSH, permitiendo la realización de los controles habituales de seguimiento de los pacientes de forma similar a la supresión hormonal. No han existido evidencias de efectos secundarios significativos, y su utilización permite obviar los inconvenientes derivados de la supresión, manteniendo una buena calidad de vida en los pacientes


Objectives: To describe the preliminary results of the application of this new technique in the diagnostic protocol in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).Material and methods: 131I Whole body scan (WBS) was made under rhTSH stimulation in a group of 102 patients with DTC in follow-up, all treated by means of total thyroidectomy. The administration guideline was a dose of 0.9 mg of rhTSH (intramuscular) for two consecutive days, followed by oral activity of 185 MBq of 131I 24 hours after the last rhTSH injection, and later scintigraphic scan after 48 hours of the administration of 131I. Serum samples for TSH, thyroglobulin and antithyroglobulin antibodies determination were collected at 24 and 72 hours of the last administration of the rhTSH. Measures were made by means of immunometric assays. Results: TSH values at 24 hours after exogenous stimulation were 147.54 ± 46.46 mIU/l. In 62 patients values of negative Tg were obtained (< 1 ng/ml), 50 of which presented negative WBS and 12 positive. 37 patients had positive Tg, 17 of whom presented negative WBS (confirming presence of disease in 7 patient by means of other imaging techniques) and 20 positive. Conclusions: In every case, administration of rhTSH produced a significant increase of the TSH, making it possible to perform the usual controls of patient management (determination of serum Tg and WBS), similarly to the hormone withdrawal situation. There is no evidence of significant side effects, and its use makes it possible to avoid disadvantages derived from the hormonal withdrawal, maintaining a good quality of life in patients


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/secundário , Carcinoma Papilar/secundário , Tireoglobulina/sangue , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Adenocarcinoma Folicular , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/cirurgia , Anticorpos/sangue , Carcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Hipotireoidismo/prevenção & controle , Radioisótopos do Iodo , Metástase Linfática , Proteínas Recombinantes , Hormônios Tireóideos/administração & dosagem
10.
Nutr. hosp ; 15(3): 118-122, mayo 2000. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-13385

RESUMO

Objetivos: El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la calidad de la prescripción y seguimiento de la nutrición parenteral total (NPT) antes y después de la incorporación de un equipo de soporte nutricional (ESN).Material y métodos: Se seleccionó retrospectivamente una muestra aleatoria de 96 pacientes, 48 previos a la incorporación del ESN (grupo NOESN) y 48 posteriores (grupo ESN), a los que se les prescribió NPT. Se evaluó: l) la existencia de una valoración nutricional y analítica mínima, previa a la instauración de la NPT y 2) el seguimiento de la misma.Resultados: La duración media de la NPT por paciente fue de 13,8 días sin diferencias en ambos grupos. Existía constancia escrita del peso y la talla (respectivamente) en el 15 por ciento y 10 por ciento de los casos, en el grupo NOESN, frente al 100 por ciento y 99 por ciento en el ESN (p 2 modificaciones en el 2 por ciento, frente al 27 por ciento, 42 por ciento y 31 por ciento, respectivamente, en el grupo ESN (p < 0,0001). No existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto a complicaciones metabólicas entre los dos grupos.Conclusiones: La implantación de un equipo de soporte nutricional, encargado de la prescripción y seguimiento de la NPT, ha mejorado notablemente la calidad en el seguimiento de las mismas (AU)


Goals: The purpose of the study was to analyze the quality of the prescription and follow-up of the total parenteral nutrition (PNT) before and after the incorporation of a nutritional support team (NST). Material and methods: A random sample of 96 patients was selected retrospectively, with 48 prior to the incorporation of the NST (the Non-NST group) and 48 after its in-corporation (the NST group), to whom TPN was prescribed. The following points were assessed: 1. The existence of a minimum analytical and nutritional assessment, prior to the incorporation of TPN; 2. The follow-up of the same. Results: The average duration of TPN per patient was 13.8 days without differences between the two groups. There is a written record of the weight and height in 15% and 10% of cases, respectively, in the Non-NST group as opposed to 100% and 99% in the NST group (p < 0.0001). Prior to the incorporation of the NST, the nutritional requirement was not verified in any patients (0%) as opposed to 97% afterwards. Statistically significant differences were detected in the measurement of albumin prior to the start of TPN (p < 0.01). During the analytical follow-up, statistically significant differences were detected in the measurement of: blood tests (p < 0.05); basic biochemistry (p < 0.01); general biochemistry, magnesium, zinc, pre-albumin, transferrin and nitrogen balance (p < 0.0001). In the TPN follow-up, the Non-NST group did not change any of the components contained in it (in terms of volume, macro or micronutrients) in 81% of patients, while 17% had one change and 2% had 2 or more changes, as opposed to 27%, 42% and 31 %, respectively in the NST group (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in metabolic complications between the two groups. Conclusions: The implementation of a nutritional support team in charge of the prescription and follow-up of TPN has notably improved the quality of these follow-up studies (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Espanha , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Nutrição Parenteral Total , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos Retrospectivos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Seguimentos
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...